GLP-1 Medications For Weight Loss: What Women in Perimenopause Need to Know

In recent years, GLP-1 receptor agonists—medicines that include options such as semaglutide (Ozempic, Wegovy) and tirzepatide (Mounjaro)—have received increasing attention. Originally developed to manage type 2 diabetes, they are now widely discussed for their role in weight management and metabolic health.

For women in perimenopause, already navigating hormonal changes, shifts in metabolism, and weight fluctuations, the rise of GLP-1 medicines raises important questions. Could they help? What are the risks? And how does nutrition fit in?

This post offers an objective overview, with no judgements—just balanced information to help you make informed choices.

What Are GLP-1 Medications?

GLP-1 receptor agonists mimic a natural hormone (glucagon-like peptide-1) that helps regulate blood sugar and appetite. Some newer medicines, such as tirzepatide (Mounjaro®), also target another hormone called GIP, which may provide additional benefits.

These medicines work by:

• Slowing digestion, so you feel fuller for longer.
• Supporting weight loss by reducing appetite.
• Improving blood sugar regulation and insulin sensitivity.

Although not specifically licensed for perimenopause, they are increasingly prescribed—sometimes privately—for weight management and metabolic support.

Potential Benefits for Women in Perimenopause

Perimenopause is often associated with weight gain, increased insulin resistance, and changes in fat distribution. GLP-1 medicines may provide:

• Improved blood sugar control – helping to reduce insulin resistance, which can worsen around perimenopause.
• Support with weight management – studies show significant weight reduction, which can lower the risk of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes.
• Possible reductions in inflammation – emerging evidence suggests GLP-1s may have wider health benefits, including positive effects on heart health.
• Potential Cardiovascular Benefits - research suggests they may lower risk factors for heart disease.
  

Possible Risks & Side Effects

GLP-1 medicines are powerful, but not without risks. Reported side effects include:

• Digestive issues (nausea, constipation, diarrhoea, bloating).
• Risk of nutrient deficiencies due to reduced appetite and smaller food intake.
• Loss of muscle – rapid weight loss can reduce lean muscle mass, which is especially concerning in perimenopause when natural muscle decline is already a factor.
• Uncertainties around long-term use – research is ongoing, particularly in non-diabetic women and in the context of fluctuating hormones.
• Cost and access – availability can vary, and private prescriptions may be expensive.
• Regaining the weight - unless changes are made to diet and lifestyle during treatment, research suggests that rebound weight loss is likely.
  

Nutritional Considerations if Using GLP-1s

If a woman chooses to use this form of treatment, nutrition remains essential for long-term health:

• Prioritise protein – to maintain muscle, support strength, and aid satiety.
• Focus on key vitamins and minerals – reduced intake can make it harder to meet needs for nutrients such as iron, calcium, vitamin D, magnesium, and B vitamins.
• Support gut health – GLP-1s can slow digestion, so fibre, probiotics, and hydration are especially important.
• Include resistance exercise – to help protect against muscle and bone loss.
• Avoid overly restrictive diets – combining medication with very low calorie intake increases the risk of nutrient depletion.
  

Summary

GLP-1 medicines are increasingly part of the conversation around weight management and metabolic health. For women in perimenopause, they may help address challenges such as insulin resistance, midlife weight gain, and cardiovascular risk.

However, they are not a “magic fix.” Side effects, nutritional risks, and uncertainties around long-term use mean that medical guidance, balanced nutrition, and lifestyle support are essential.

Most importantly: what works for one woman may not be right for another. Whether through medication, nutrition, exercise, or a combination of approaches, the goal is to find what helps you feel strong, balanced, and well through perimenopause and beyond.